• TIGER: Thailand Inventory Group for Entomological Research

    NSF Grant Number: DEB-0542864
    Based on the successful Insect Survey of a Megadiverse Country, Phase II: Colombia, Dr. Michael Sharkey and Dr. Brian Brown began a Thailand biodiversity inventory in 2006. Thailand has a diversity of habitat types, including tropical rain forest, dry or semi-evergreen forest, montane evergreen forest, coniferous forest, swamp forest (including mangroves), deciduous forest, and savanna. Collections occurred in 25 National Parks in Thailand over a three year period. With the project currently in its final stages, we are continuing to add species identifications to the TIGER database and publications to our ever exanding list (all posted on the TIGER website).

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  • HymAToL: Hymenoptera--Assembling the Tree of Life

    NSF Grant Number: EF-0337220
    HymAToL is a large collaborative project funded by the National Science Foundation under the “Assembling the Tree Of Life” initiative, which aims to reconstruct the evolutionary history of all organisms. Our goal is to construct a large-scale phylogenetic analysis of the Hymenoptera, an insect order that encompasses approximately 10% of the species diversity of life. Approximately 115,000 species have already been described and estimates for the total number of species range up to 2.5 million. Solving the taxonomic problems within the Hymenoptera will aide researchers in many biological fields, as Members of the Hymenoptera have an enormous impact on ecosystem function and our everyday lives.

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  • Insect Survey of a Megadiverse Country, Phase II: Colombia

    NSF Grant Number: DEB 0205982
    The Colombia Biodiversity Project (spanning 2002-2005) was a collaborative arrangement among the Humboldt Institute in Villa de Leyva, Colombia, the University of Kentucky, and the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. The goal of the project was to survey arthropod diversity in a wide range of habitats in Colombia. Colombia is one of the most species-rich countries in the world, but also one of the least known for arthropods. As expected, a wealth of spectacular new taxa was discovered. Specimens are being used to estimate the total number of species in various habitats, for a range of taxa, and to build reference collections in the Humboldt Institute and cooperating institutions elsewhere.

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  • Identification Keys to the Economically Important Species of Parasitic Wasps of the Genus
    Cotesia (Hymenoptera:Braconidae)

    Grant Number: 2002-35316-12270
    The braconid genus Cotesia (Microgasterinae) contains a number of species used throughout the world in the biological control of pest caterpillars, as well as many non-manipulated, but important, species acting in their native settings to help regulate populations of important pests. Members of this genus generally attack large caterpillars, most commonly in temperate regions of the world. The web page contains an interactive key, synonym finder, host record finder, and description and diagnoses for the economically important species of Cotesia worldwide. Habitus images link to the individual species page in which images of the cocoon, forewing, hindleg, lateral metasoma, dorsal mesosoma, propodeum, and the first three metasomal terga can be found. These diagnostic images may be compared with images from all of the other Cotesia species by clicking on the pertinent body region. The Cotesia project is a collaborative project between Dr. Michael Sharkey at the University of Kentucky and Dr. James Whitfield at the University of Illinois and has been funded by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service.

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  • Interactive Keys/Glossary

    Developed as part of many projects, these interactive keys are available. Unlike dichotomous keys, interactive keys are non-linear. The user of the key may choose any character from a list of characters. These characters correspond to an exhaustive list of taxa, and taxa are removed from the list as character states are selected. The interactive keys using here were developed using INTKEY, part of the DELTA (DEscription Language for Taxonomy)created at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) between 1971 and 2000. Directions for using INTKEY and building your own keys may be found in K. Seltmann's Thesis on Building Interactive Keys using INTKEY or on the Delta Programs Page

    • Braconid Subfamily Keys in English
    • Braconid Subfamily Keys in Spanish (translated by Diego Campos)
    • Hymenoptera Family Keys
    • Salamanders of Great Smoky Mountains National Park

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  • Source files for Interactive Keys

    Click on the following links to download source files:
    Agathidinae Genera of the Orient.
    Khoikhoiinae.
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  • World Braconidae name list

    Funding in part from NSF Grant Number: EF-0337220
    Braconidae name index provides an alphabetised list of 23,927 scientific names published to the present. The list was originally compiled from Taxapad Ichneumonoidea database updated to 2007. Currently, information on the original name, reference to the original description, the unique taxon identifier, and distribution are provided for each taxon.

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  • Images of Khoikhoia

    Click on the following links to download the image:
    Khoikhoia anthelion
    Khoikhoia lission
    Khoikhoia oligospilos
    Khoikhoia semiadusta
    Khoikhoia solata
    Khoikhoia townesi
    Khoikhoia turneri
    Khoikhoiinae AEI Holotypes
    Sania browni
    Sania capensis
    Sania henryi
    Sania marjoriae
    Sania masneri
    Sania masoni
    Revision of Khoikhoiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
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  • Distribution of selected braconid taxa

    Click on the following links to see distribution of selected braconid taxa:

    {section name=ct loop=$urls} {$urls[ct]} {/section}
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  • Published Matrices

  • 1) Sharkey, M.J., Laurenne, N.M., Sharanowski, B., Quicke, D.L.J., and Murray, D. 2006. Revision of the Agathidinae with comparisions of static and dynamic alignments (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Cladistics 22: 546-567


  • Please find the data set files below: (Opens in new window)
    COMBINED DATA _1_1
    COMBINED DATA_2_1
    COMBINED DATA_3_1
    COMBINED DATA_5_1
    COMBINED DATA_10_1

    Molecular alignment_1_1
    Molecular alignment_2_1
    Molecular alignment_3_1
    Molecular alignment_5_1
    Molecular alignment_10_1

    MOLECULAR DATA SET
    MORPHOLOGICAL DATA SET
  • 2) Pitz, K.M., Dowling, A.P.G., Sharanowski, B., Boring, C.A., Seltmann, K.C., Sharkey, M.J. Phylogenetic relationships among the Braconidae (Hymenoptera:Ichneumonoidea): A reassessment of Shi et al. (2005)


  • Please find the data set files below: (Opens in new window)
    Pitz_et_al_2007 - Combined Matrix
    Shi_et_al_2005 - Data File
  • 3) Sharkey, M.J. and A. Roy. 2002. Phylogeny of the Hymenoptera: a reanalysis of the Ronquist et al. (1999) reanalysis, with an emphasis on wing venation and apocritan relationships. Zoologica Scripta 31:57-66.
  • Manuscript: MS WORD - WordPerfect
  • Diagrams: Zip file
  • Character matrices:
  • * - Before 4/19/02, these files contained an extra wing character not used in the analysis. This error has been corrected.

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